When you start a grocery shop business, you invest
money (initial capital) for procuring the grocery items. If the business runs
successfully, you keep on increasing the stock (but from which sources?). You
increase the stocks by ploughing back the profits earned, by keeping the
initial capital in the business or by increasing the initial capital (i.e.
putting more money). You will need to maintain a minimum level of Stocks in the
Shop (i.e. keeping minimum level of money invested in the Current Assets) in order
to run the business at minimum level. Therefore, this money can be called the
Permanent Working Capital.
Depending on the business needs, you will be
increasing the Current Assets (over and above the minimum required level) or
reducing the Current Assets (but not reducing below the minimum required
level). This increase or decrease in Current Assets will involve increase or
decrease in money invested in Current Assets and called the Variable
Working Capital.
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